Umbono
. Ngenxa yolu luvo, okokuqala, imigangatho yaseBritane nelaseMelika ayixhasi lo mbono, kwaye akukho nkcazo "yomelele" kunye "ebuthathaka" kwibanga elithile lamandla. Okwesibini, ayihambelani "nezibonda eziphakamileyo" ezichazwe emsebenzini wethu.
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Ungakanani na ukuba uyazi malunga neebhotile eziphakamileyo?
Igama elipheleleyo le-bolts ephezulu kakhulu kwimveliso iluncedo oluninzi lwe-bolt bolt
Ngokweempawu zokufakelwa, zahlulahlulwe zayi: Iibhanti ezinkulu ze-hexagon zentloko kunye neebhanti zeThestar. Phakathi kwawo, uhlobo lweShersar Shearl lusetyenziswa kuphela kwiBanga le-10.9.
Ngokwebakala lentsebenzo yeebolts eziphezulu, zahlulwe zaza zabizwa ngokuba: IBakala 8.8 neBanga le-109. Phakathi kwazo, kuphela iibhotile ezinkulu eziphezulu eziphezulu zifumaneka kwiBanga le-8.8. Kwindlela yokumakisha, inani ngaphambi kwenqaku lokugqibela libonisa amandla e-thensle emva konyango lobushushu; Inani emva kwenqaku lokugqibela libonisa umyinge wokunqongophala, oko kukuthi, umyinge wexabiso elilinganisiweyo lexabiso lesivuno kwixabiso lezinto ezilinganayo. Ibanga le-8.8 lithetha ukuba amandla e-sunlle ye-bolt rod ayingabi ngaphantsi kwe-800MPA, kunye nomyinge wamandla ongu-0.8; IBanga le-10.9 lithetha ukuba amandla e-sunsel ye-bolt rod ayingaphantsi kwe-1000NPA, kunye nomyinge wokuvelisa amandla ngu-0.9.
Ngoyilo lolwakhiwo, iidayimitha ze-bolts eziphakamileyo ze-m16 / m20 / m22 / m24 / m27 / m27 / m20, kodwa m22 / m27 luluhlu lwesibini. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, m16 / m20 / m24 / m30 isetyenzisiwe.
Kwiyilo ye-Shear, ii-bolts ezinamandla aphezulu zahlulwe zaza: Uhlobo loxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-bolt bolt kunye nohlobo lwefonti ephezulu bohlobo lwe-bolt ngokweemfuno zoyilo.
Umthamo we-berner of lohlobo lokuxabana luxhomekeke kwi-anti-slip yokulingana komgangatho-wokudlulisela umphezulu we-factions kunye nenani lemigangatho yefonti. I-coultions off ye-rumps ebomvu emva kwesanti (i-shot) yeyona iphezulu, kodwa evela kwindawo yokusebenza, ichaphazeleka kakhulu kwinqanaba lokwakha. Iiyunithi ezininzi zokubeka iliso ziphakamise ukuba imigangatho inokwehuthanyiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho weprojekthi.
Uhlobo lodidi loxinzelelo luxhomekeke kwixabiso elincinci lomthamo we-shear kunye noxinzelelo lokuthwala i-bolt rod. Kwimeko yonxibelelwano olunye kuphela, umthamo wokuthwala i-S16 Uhlobo lwe-M16 yohlobo lwe-M16 ngu-21.6 ~ 45.0kn, ngelixa i-shear yodidi lwe-M16 yoxinzelelo luyi-39.6.
Malunga nokufakwa, inkqubo yovavanyo yoxinzelelo ilula, kwaye umhlaba ufumana kuphela kufuneka ucocwe ioyile kunye nerhukungqutha. Umthamo we-tensle ethuthayo ecaleni kwendlela ye-Axis inomdla kakhulu kwi-Steelini. Ixabiso loyilo lohlobo lwembambano lilingana no-0.8 amandla oxinzelelo, kunye nexabiso loyilo lohlobo lovavanyo lilingana nendawo esebenzayo yesikhuseli amandla oqeqesho. Kubonakala ngathi kukho umahluko omkhulu, kodwa enyanisweni le milinganiselo mibini ifana.
Xa i-shericar inyanzela kwaye kukho uxinzelelo lwe-axial kwangaxeshanye, imfuno yohlobo lwembaleki kukuba umyinge we-Sheard i-Shearness i-scren athe the the screw i-scren adral ukuya kwisikwere se Umyinge we-Axial Forney ngesikhafu ukuya kumthamo we-tensle ungaphantsi kwe-1.0. Oko kukuthi, phantsi kwendibaniselwano efanayo, indawo yokhuseleko yohlobo lwe-bolts ephakamileyo ye-bolt yoyilo olufanayo kuyinto ephezulu kakhulu kunohlobo lwe-bolts ephakamileyo.
Ukujonga ukuba umphezulu wonxibelelwano unokungaphumeleli phantsi kweenyikima komhlaba oqinileyo, ukuphathwa kwe-shearler ngeli xesha kuxhomekeke ekuchanyoneni kwe-shearts kunye noxinzelelo lokuphatha iplate. Ke ngoko, ikhowudi ye-seismic ichaza ifomula yokubala yeyona ndlela iphambili ye-shear ye-bolts enkulu.
Nangona uhlobo lwengcinezelo lunenzuzo kwiinqobo zokuziphatha zoyilo, yeyohlobo lokungaphumeleli. I-Bolt Hole yi-bolt yohlobo lwe-bolt efana ne-bolts eqhelekileyo. Ingqwalaselo phantsi komthwalo inkulu ngakumbi kunolu hlobo lohlobo oluxineneyo. Ke ngoko, uhlobo oluphezulu lwe-Bolt Bolt-I-Bolt I-Bolt esetyenziselwa unxibelelwano lwe-no-quismic uqhagamshelo lwe-seismic, olungenangqondo lwecandelo, kunye nokunxibelelana kwecandelo eliphindiweyo.
Umda oqhelekileyo wokusetyenziswa kwezi ntlobo zimbini ukwahlukile:
Uqhagamshelo lohlobo lwembaleki lubhekisa kwiflethi yesihlobo soqhagamshelo phantsi kwendibaniselwano yomthwalo;
Unxibelelwano olunengcinezelo lubhekisa kwifreyishini eliphakathi kokudibanisa phantsi kwendibaniselwano emiselweyo;
Iibhotile eziqhelekileyo
I-1. Iibhotile eziqhelekileyo zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezintathu: A, B, kunye ne-C Iibhotile eziqhelekileyo ngokubanzi zibhekisa kumanqanaba e-C-plelts eqhelekileyo.
2. Iibhotile ze-C-Clows eziqhelekileyo zihlala zisetyenziswa kuqhagamshelo lwexeshana nonxibelelwano ekufuneka zidityanisiwe. Iibhotts eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo kwizakhiwo zolwakhiwo yiM16, m20, kunye ne-m24. Ezinye iibhloko ezinzima kwishishini zoomatshini zinokuba nobubanzi obukhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa okhethekileyo.
I-bolts ephezulu
I-3. Izinto ezibonakalayo zee-bolts eziphakamileyo zahlukile kuleyo yeebhanti eziqhelekileyo. I-bolts eziphezulu eziphezulu zisetyenziselwa uxhulumaniso olusisigxina. Eziqhele ukusetyenziswa ze-m16 ~ m30. Ukusebenza kweebhotile eziphezulu eziphezulu kakhulu azizinzanga kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo.
4. Unxibelelwano lwe-bolt lwezinto eziphambili zokwakha zenziwe ngokubanzi ze-bolts enkulu.
I-5. I-Bolts ephakamileyo ikhutshelwe kumzi-mveliso ayizange ihlulwe ibe luhlobo lwengcinezelo kunye nohlobo lwefonti.
I-6. Ngaba yi-qurit-vere-amandla e-fult okanye i-fultine yengcinezelo enesidima esiphakamileyo? Ngapha koko, kukho umahluko kwiNdlela yokuYila kunye neNdlela yokubala:
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I-7. Uhlobo lwe-finction-theyts eziphezulu ezinamandla angenako ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo amandla e-bolts. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, zezakhiwo ezibaluleke kakhulu okanye izakhiwo ezithwala imithwalo eguqukayo, ngakumbi xa umthwalo obangela uxinzelelo olugqibeleleyo, uhlobo lwe-bolt-chend-thelts-tection-uhlobo oluphezulu kufuneka lusetyenziswe. Ngeli xesha, amandla angasetyenziswanga ezibhloko zingasetyenziswa njengendawo yokhuseleko. Ukongeza, ukuzithwaxinwa kwengcinezelo ephakamileyo kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukunxibelelana ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko.
Umahluko phakathi kwee-bolts eziqhelekileyo kunye nee-bolts eziphezulu
8. Iibhotile eziqhelekileyo zingasetyenziswa kwakhona, kodwa iibol ezinkulu eziphezulu azinakuphinda zisetyenziswe.
I-9. Amaqalo aphezulu aphakamileyo yenziwa ngamandla amakhulu (i-45 yentsimbi (8.8s), i-20mmtib (10.9s), kwaye udidi lwengcinezelo lusebenzisa i-tyrence protress (i-q235), kwaye kuphela kufuneka uqiniseke.
10. Iibhotile eziqhelekileyo ngokubanzi zingama-4.4, 4.8, 5.6 kunye ne-8.8 .8. I-bolts ephezulu kakhulu i-8,8 kunye ne-10.9, nge-10.9 yeyona ixhaphakileyo.
11. Umngxunya we-screw we-bolt eqhelekileyo ayiqhelekanga kunelo ye-bolt enkulu. Ngapha koko, umngxunya we-screw we-bolt eqhelekileyo incinci.
12. I-Bolts eziqhelekileyo A, B zeBanga le-screw imingxunya ngokubanzi yi-0.3 ~ 0.5mm inkulu kunebolts. I-CAG CACW HALES i-1.0 ~ 1.5mm inkulu kune-bolts.
13. Uhlobo lwe-firtions-i-bolts ephakamileyo idlulisela imithwalo ngokungxama, ke umahluko phakathi kwescrew kunye nomngxunya we-screw unokufikelela kwi-1.5 ~ 2.0mm.
14. Amandla odluliselo lonxibelelwano loxinzelelo lwengcinezelo kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba amandla eShear angabangadluli kumandla e-facking phantsi kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo, okufanayo nohlobo lwe-bolts ephakamileyo. Xa umthwalo unyuka ngakumbi, i-slip yesilinganayo iya kwenzeka phakathi kweeplate zokudibanisa, kwaye unxibelelwano luxhomekeke kwi-Shearting yesikere kunye noxinzelelo olufanayo, i-screw hole incinci kakhulu, i-1.0mm.
Ikholamu ye-Anchor yonyawo
15. Akukho manqanaba e-bolts ye-anchor, kuphela umahluko kuphela: Q235 no-Q345. Ezona ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswayo ze-anchor kwizakhiwo zezakhiwo zii-bolces zekholamu.
16. Iibhobo zekholamu ze-anchor azikho ii-bolts eziqhelekileyo okanye ii-bolts eziphakamileyo. Ngokuthetha ngokungqongqo, azizizo iibhotile. I-Bolm Bolt Bolts ngokubanzi isebenzisa i-M20 okanye m24.
17. Umgangatho wokwenziwa kweekholamu zekholamu kufuneka ufakwe njengezibhloko eziqhelekileyo. Ubude obunemigangatho yekholamu zekholamu kufuneka bunxibelelene nokungqubana phakathi kwayo kunye nekhonkrithi, kunye nefom ye-anchor bolts.
Ukwandiswa kweebhedi kunye neebhulukhwe zekhemikhali
18. Nokuba iyakhulisa ii-bolts ze-Anchor okanye ii-bolts ze-anchor, ayizizo iifom zonxibelelwano ezichazwe kwiNgcaciso esemgangathweni yesizwe. Olo nxibelelwano kufuneka luthintelwe, ngakumbi kunxibelelwano olubalulekileyo. Iinxalenye ezingenamgangatho zangaphambili kufuneka zisetyenziswe.
I-19. Ukwanda kwee-anchor iibolts ngokuxhomekeke kwingqumbo phakathi kwetyhubhu yokwanda kunye nekhonkrithi ukuxhathisa i-prolout. Ubungakanani bokuthintela i-prolout ihambelana kakhulu nenkqubo yokwakha, kwaye into yomntu inkulu. Ayinamsebenzi ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-tenses lovavanyo olungaqhelekanga.
20. Iibhotile ze-anchor zekhephu zisenziwa ngokuthintela imingxunya kunye nomatshini wokubhoboza, kwaye emva koko i-scarry yekhemili ipolisiwe kwaye i-bolt rod ibekwe ukuze ikwazi ukufezekisa.
21. Ukwandiswa kwee-bolts kunye neebhulukhwe zekhemikhali zezona zimbini ze-anchor. Ngamanye amaxesha, ii-bolts zokwandiswa okanye iibhloko ze-anchor zekhemikhali ziyafuneka kuba zingaphambi kokuba zingaphambi koko. Kodwa le meko kufuneka ithintelwe kuyilo. Kuba iibhloko ze-anchor kufuneka zingcwatywe kwangaphambili. Umzekelo, ii-anchoun zonyawo ze-anchor. Kuba kuphela ngale ndlela kuphela kunokubangela ukuba kubekho i-bonds kwaye amandla aqinisekiswe. Ngapha koko, imingxunya yokuqhuba emva koko ibangela umonakalo kwimivalo yentsimbi ethwele ikhonkrithi kwikhonkrithi kunye nekhonkrithi ngokwayo.
22. Kwisiseko sekhonkrithi, amacandelo angcwatywa kwikhonkrithi abizwa ngokuba ziinxalenye zangaphambi kokuba zingcwatywe. Ngokwamaxwebhu oKwakha, iibhloko zokwandiswa aziyi kusetyenziselwa ikhethini. Kwiiprojekthi ezintsha zokwakha, ukwanda kwee-bolt ze-anchor zithintelwe ngokungqongqo kwaye kufuneka zingcwatywe kwangaphambili.
I-Dewell ifektri ye-fartener ibonelela nge-bolt kunye ner.washer.metal Stamps Stamps. Isixhobo sevili.Jack
